PSY FPX 6015 Assessment 2 Early Childhood Case Intervention Analysis of Emma

Abstract

This is a retroactive analysis of a case study on a 24- month-old girl named Annette, who’s beginning to demonstrate an implicit rare attachment style. The fearful- avoidant attachment style appears in only 7 of the population. Annette not only lives with both her parents but also has endured some of the classic traumas that can lead to such a complaint. The family is German American with 2nd and 3rd generational extended family that give irregular fiscal and emotional support. The counter-culture that the parents are raising Annette in is the late 60s and 70s. Her mama endured high situations of stress, anxiety, and depression during antenatal development with Annette. 

She also drank alcohol during gravidity and Annette’s early child development to help rehabilitate her implicit attachment style of anxious- equivocal. Her father is frequently detached, angry, and violent, as he’s down from home because of business. He drinks alcohol to manage with his implicit attachment style of being dismissive- avoidant. Interventions of positive cerebral ways, like 12- step recovery and brief maternal verbal guidance, are given as stylish practices to help a disorganized attachment style in early majority for Annette. 

Early Development Case Intervention Analysis: Annette, A Case Study in Retrograde

Annette is a 24- month-old toddler that lives with both her parents and her aged family, and indeed though they’ve moved several times over the last couple of times, they presently live in Ft. Worth, Texas, during the late 1960s and early 1970s. Both parents stated that their son has always been shy and generally only plays with her family.

Any extended family lives far down; still, they help support Annette’s parents financially and emotionally rarely and infrequently. Annette’s parents have lately come concerned about her because she has started having difficulty with sporadic weeping, hitting her family, taking off her clothes, putting on another child’s diapers, and indeed being caught drinking from another child’s bottle. 

According to her mama , she has been weaned from the bottle since she was 9- months-old and started eating solid foods. Still, she has always smelled her thumb. Annette seems to want attention from her father when he’s home and her mama the rest of the time, yet she’s happy playing with her family too. As for her sleep patterns, she started sleepwalking about a month ago and getting more withdrawn.

Also, alcohol, domestic violence, depression, artistic differences, abuse, and neglect, potentially play a part in the life and analysis of Annette and her family. Because according to John Bowlby( 1978), Annette’s relationship with her parents and other caregivers is essential to her development into a functional or dysfunctional grown-up. Peer- reviewed exploration interventions are demanded. Therefore, the attachment proposition can help clarify Annette’s fearful- avoidant actions and support the need for colorful interventions to devalue her conduct. 

Present Challenges and Primary Issues

Still, the family dynamics of violence and alcohol use present tremendous challenges to address and are a huge part of the primary issues with Annette’s unusual geste . The parent’s way of managing with stress has created a cycle of violence and implicit SUD, similar as alcohol dependence, major depression, and anxiety comorbidities. Thus, addressing these issues is primary, also treating the underpinning family of origin issues with the mama and the father.

The mama has developed possible anxious- equivocal attachment traits because of the sexual abuse and drunkenness that she suffered during her nonage( Salter et al., 2015; Darling Rasmussen & Storebø, 2021; Johnsen et al., 2022). She displays depression and anxiety regularly, which has affected the care she gives her children( Glover et al., 2018). 

This stress during gravidity can beget fetal and child development abnormalities. The father illustrates traits of a dismissive- avoidant within his marriage and towards his children( Salter et al., 2015; Rempel et al., 2017). Both appear to use alcohol to redundant to manage with their undetermined cerebral issues.

They’ve reported giving alcohol to the children to help them sleep. Also, the mama has had difficulties with former gravidity that have caused expansive blood loss and demanded an emergency cesarean section. Annette was born naturally and a couple of weeks beforehand. Therefore, she was mildly light. Most importantly, the mama said she craved alcohol during her gestation and drank beer and wine while pregnant. 

PSY FPX 6015 Assessment 2 Early Childhood Case Intervention Analysis of Emma

According to Cornelius et al.( 2017), these actions could lead to environmental adversities for Annette later in life, similar as SUD and maltreatment. Also, alcohol use can beget child experimental issues, similar as cognitive and psychopathologies. Significant behavioral and functional impairments can do due to antenatal

alcohol use( Guille & Aujla, 2018). Potentially creating behavioral, internal, emotional, and physiological poverty in Annette’s early development, the dysfunctional family system is the primary source. As for Annette’s issues, she appears to be developing a rare attachment style, fearful avoidance because of the quantum of trauma and abuse she has endured. This attachment style only develops in about 7% of the population and generally develops within a child’s first 18 months of life( Salter et al., 2015; Felitti et al., 2019). 

PSY FPX 6015 Assessment 2 Early Childhood Case Intervention Analysis of Emma

Annette has potentially viewed the aggressive abuse from her father as shocking. For illustration, her father may laugh at her and her family’s actions. Also at other times, he becomes outraged at the same actions and punishes them in violent or aggressive ways, especially her mama ( Bowlby, 1978; Salter et al., 2015).

Annette’s lack of particular boundaries with taking off her clothes, wearing diapers meant for other children, exploring off by herself, and occasionally hitting her family is another illustration of this implicit attachment style. Also, she can snappily acclimatize to a new terrain for short ages, yet prefers to only play with her family or herself( Broderick & Blewitt, 2019). 

She also makes limited eye contact with others. Annette’s sleep disturbances are also a concern. She has been seen sleepwalking over the past month, which can be due to extreme fatigue from anxiety and stress in the home or poor diet( Broderick & Blewitt, 2019). These actions are enterprises that could risk unborn connections, managing mechanisms, and overall well- being of Annette. 

Individual and Cultural Differences

Also, there are some individual and artistic differences that need to be taken into account. First, both parents are of German descent, with the extended family living as 2nd generational German Americans. This establishes some reasons for their adequacy of alcohol use during gestation and for giving children alcohol for finickiness or sleep( Elam et al., 2018). Germans do n’t view alcohol the same way Americans do. It’s further hardwired in the culture and can continue as across-cultural identity with German Americans.

Cultural differences may mandate some enduring unhealthy actions within close connections because of perceived religious and family values( Lavelli et al., 2019; Khamis et al., 2022). Leaving or decoupling a mate is n’t as culturally respectable, especially for those who exercise religion, like Catholicism or Southern Baptist. Incipiently, some counterculture issues should be addressed in this case as well. The timeframe of this case is 

during the late 60s and early 70s, which overall was a time of opposition to established morals for youthful grown-ups within the United States. Alcohol and medicine use were seen and used elsewhere. Hence, individual and artistic differences have an implicit correlational significance with the case. 

Interventions

Likewise, interventions are a precedent to circumvent long- term detriment to Annette. There are correlations between genes, environmental aggression, and family cohesion with unborn alcohol use or SUD( Elam et al., 2018; Wertz et al., 2019). As Annette grows up in this fractured, violent, and alcohol- invested ethnic family, she may develop aggression, SUD, and unhealthy connections as a grown-up. Thus, according to Leontopoulou( 2015), gratefulness, tone- worth, and thing- setting interventions can elicit positive changes within an existent’s character, similar as abidance, empathy, tone- regard, and virtue. Annette’s parents would profit from positive psychology styles, similar as 12- step recovery and Imago remedy( i.e., compassionate communication and positive cognitive chops for couples and individualities). 

These interventions can bring cohesion, sobriety, and hope back to the family, which would help alleviate Annette’s attachment style. Detailed maternal verbal guidance is a fresh intervention that can increase positive parenthood chops and drop Annette’s behavioral issues or implicit attachment style. This brief parenthood intervention teaches caregivers different ways for communicating with their children. According to Heymann et al.( 2020), problems or actions within the home can be connected to colorful parent- child relations( i.e., the art of language/ communication) that can affect child development. Thus, it’s pivotal to address language and gesture with babies toddlers at threat, like Annette. 

PSY FPX 6015 Assessment 2 Early Childhood Case Intervention Analysis of Emma

The interventions include strategies similar to games that involve the significance of maternal responsiveness and back- and- forth parent- child engagement( Heymann et al., 2020). For illustration, the parents begin to interact with Annette in a positive verbal way with do chops rather than don’t chops. These include praise, reflection, and behavioral descriptions, but not commands. The intervention produces word diversity, verbal quality, and language nourishment, which improves implicit child behavioral diseases, especially for those living in poverty( Heymann et al., 2020). therefore, adding a positive terrain and reducing Annette’s threat of attachment complaint that could negatively impact the rest of her life. 

Conclusion

In short, Annette is in peril of developing or has formerly developed a rare attachment style because of the quantum of trauma and abuse she has suffered directly and vicariously in her 24 months of life. A fearful- avoidant can develop as early as 18 months of age and develop a disorganized attachment style as she becomes a grown-up. Presently, she’s displaying unhappy geste by taking off her clothes, sleepwalking, crying sporadically for attention, not acting to need it, getting aggressive at times, and being more withdrawn with limited eye contact. She has endured mixed dispatches from her parents regarding attention, prices, corrections, and care. 

Alcohol, stress, and depression during gravidity and early experimental care potentially relate with behavioral abnormalities, aggression, violence, and mixed communication( Paquin et al., 2020). Interventions of positive cerebral ways and verbal input are suggested to break the cycle of dysfunction and drunkenness. Cultural different forbearance is necessary to work with the family of German descent and thiscounter-culture of the 60s and 70s. Still, Annette will have an occasion to make healthy connections as she matures into a youthful grown-up, If interventions are successful. 

Case Study

Annette is a 24- month-old who resides with her mama , father, and aged 3.5- time-old family. Still, due to her father’s profession as a traveling salesperson, she has irregular contact with him. Annette’s family background is of German descent, with her parents being 2nd and 3rd generational German Americans who also shared in thecounter-culture of the 60s and 70s. Annette’s mama is a stay- at- home parent, while her father spends the utmost of the month down from home due to work commitments. The family has dislocated multiple times during Annette’s life and presently resides in Ft. Worth, Texas. 

Annette’s mama endured significant pre and postnatal stress, once gestation complications, colorful family- of- origin issues, and endured physical and emotional abuse from her hubby. She also consumed alcohol during gestation, aggravating her preexisting depressive complaint and leading to inconsistent care for Annette and her family. Also, both children are given alcohol to prop sleep when they come fussy. 

When Annette’s mama leaves her with musketeers or cousins to spend time with her hubby, Annette exhibits minimum torture and snappily adapts to the new terrain by exploring. Still, these jaunts occasionally affect unhappy actions similar to removing her clothes and wearing another child’s diapers. Annette has also started displaying aggressive geste 

towards her family, sporadic weeping, sleepwalking, and pullout from social commerce. 

PSY FPX 6015 Assessment 2 Early Childhood Case Intervention Analysis of Emma

From birth, Annette has continuously smelled her thumb, despite attempts by her parents to discourage the geste , similar to applying hot sauce. Both of Annette’s parents consume inordinate quantities of alcohol when the father is home, frequently amusing musketeers, which occasionally escalates to domestic violence after guests leave. On occasions, the violence extends to Annette and her family, with their father flaunting aggressive geste 

towards them. 

Annette’s mama acknowledges passions of depression but focuses her energy on maintaining the ménage. Accordingly, she frequently prioritizes chores over spending time with Annette, leaving her to play with her family for extended ages. Fiscal struggles due to her father’s job type lead to limited coffers, including food. Despite this, Annette’s mama prioritizes feeding the children and her hubby, occasionally anteceding her reflections. Both sides of the family give occasional fiscal and emotional support. 

PSY FPX 6015 Assessment 2 Early Childhood Case Intervention Analysis of Emma

Felitti, V. J., Anda, R. F., Nordenberg, D., Williamson, D. F., Spitz, A. M., Edwards, V., Koss, M. P., & Marks, J. S. (2019). [Reprint of Original Study]. Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to many of the leading causes of death in adults: The adverse childhood experiences (ACE) study. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 56(6), 774. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2019.04.001

Glover, V., O’Donnell, K. J., O’Connor, T. G., & Fisher, J. (2018). Prenatal maternal stress, fetal programming, and mechanisms underlying later psychopathology—A global perspective. Development and Psychopathology, 30(3), 843- 854. https://doi.org/10.1017/S095457941800038X

Guille, C., & Aujla, R. (2019). Developmental consequences of prenatal substance use in children and adolescents. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, 29(7), 479-486. https://doi.org/10.1089/cap.2018.0177

Heymann, P., Heflin, B. H., Baralt, M., & Bagner, D. M. (2020). Infant-directed language following a brief behavioral parenting intervention: The importance of language quality. Infant Behavior and Development, 58, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infbeh.2019.101419

Johnsen, H., Juhl, M., Møller, B. K., & de Lichtenberg, V. (2022). Adult daughters of alcoholic parents-A qualitative study of these women’s pregnancy experiences and the potential implications for antenatal care provision. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(6), 3714. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19063714

Khamis, A. A., Salleh, S. Z., Mohd Sayuti Ab Karim, Noor Ashikin Mohd Rom, Janasekaran, S., Idris, A., & Rusdi Bin Abd Rashid. (2022). Alcohol consumption patterns: A systematic review of demographic and sociocultural influencing factors. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(13), 8103. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19138103

Lavelli, M., Carra, C., Rossi, G., & Keller, H. (2019). Culture-specific development of early mother–infant emotional co-regulation: Italian, Cameroonian, and West African immigrant dyads. Developmental Psychology, 55(9), 1850–1867. https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0000696

Leontopoulou, S. (2015). A Positive Psychology Intervention With Emerging Adults. The European Journal of Counselling Psychology, 3(2), 113– 136. https://doi.org/10.5964/ejcop.v3i2.33

Paquin, C., Côté, S. M., Tremblay, R. E., Séguin, J. R., Boivin

, M., & Herba, C. M. (2020). Maternal depressive symptoms and children’s cognitive development: Does early childcare and child’s sex matter? PloS One, 15(1), e0227179- e0227179. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0227179

Rempel, L. A., Rempel, J. K., Khuc, T. N., & Vui, L. T. (2017). Influence of father–infant relationship on infant development: A father-involvement intervention in Vietnam. Developmental Psychology, 53(10), 1844–1858. https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0000390.supp (Supplemental)

Salter, M. D, Ainsworth, M. C, Blehar, E. W, & Wall, S. N. (2015). Patterns of attachment: A psychological study of the strange situation. New York: Taylor & Francis.

Wertz, J., Belsky, J., Moffitt, T. E., Belsky, D. W., Harrington, H., Avinu, R., Poulton, R., Ramrakha, S., & Caspi, A. (2019). Genetics of nurture: A test of the hypothesis that parents’ genetics predict their observed caregiving. Developmental Psychology, 55(7), 1461–1472. https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0000709